Madeira is a fortified wine made on Madeira Island of Portugal. Once a key part of American culture—Thomas Jefferson and George Washington were fans, as were most of their social contemporaries—now Madeira is virtually unknown to American drinkers. Produced in varying levels of dryness from dry to sweet, Madeira has high acidity levels, which makes it a perfect base for sauces to accompany fatty proteins. We particularly like to use it with pork, and this easy pan sauce has just a hint of sweetness with a clean acidic finish that goes excellently with pan-fried pork chops. Use the drippings from cooking the pork chops in place of safflower oil if you can. In fact, you can make the sauce in the same pan once the pork chops are removed. The easiest way to crack the peppercorns for this sauce is using a mortar and pestle.